Pineapple farming - |
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การเกษตรสับปะรด |
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Thailand is the world's leading producer of pineapples, though
the fruit is not native to Southeast Asia. As land and labor
costs rose in temperate zones such as Hawaii, production shifted
to tropical climates, which had lots of land, low labor costs,
and little in the way of environmental protection laws. The Thai
government has helped the pineapple export industry grow by
creating investment incentives and liberal trade policies to
attract foreign investors.
Most of the 2.8 million tones
of pineapple produced annually is processed, canned, packaged
and exported overseas. As of 2000, Thailand had 17% of the world
pineapple production market, and over 40% of the exports of
canned pineapple.
In contrast to the Philippines, where
production is dominated by multinational corporations, 95% of
Thailand's pineapple is grown on small, privately owned farms
ranging from 1-5 hectares in size. In total, about 100,000
hectares spread over 13 provinces are devoted to growing
pineapples, with concentrations in the east and west coasts of
the Gulf of Thailand. These small growers then sell their
harvest to a processing plant. Big business relies on this
subcontracted labor to supply the pineapple to be processed, and
can generally fix whatever price they want as farmers have few
options to whom to sell their harvest.
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Free |
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